BS ISO/TR 9547-1993 程序语言处理机.试验方法.发展和可接受性导则
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【英文标准名称】:Programminglanguageprocessors.Testmethods.Guidelinesfortheirdevelopmentandacceptability
【原文标准名称】:程序语言处理机.试验方法.发展和可接受性导则
【标准号】:BSISO/TR9547-1993
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1993-03-15
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(BSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:程序检查;程序设计;程序设计语言;程序处理机;数据处理;计算机软件;验收;计算机程序;鉴定试验
【英文主题词】:programming;programprocessors;approvaltesting;programminglanguages;programtesting;computersoftware;dataprocessing;computerprograms;acceptance(approval)
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:L62
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:16P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:TestMethodsforIroninWater
【原文标准名称】:水中铁的试验方法
【标准号】:ANSI/ASTMD1068-2003
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(ANSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:试验;铁;水
【英文主题词】:iron;water;testing
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:Z16
【国际标准分类号】:13_060_50
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforComputedTomography(CT)Imaging
【原文标准名称】:计算机断层摄影(CT)成像的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME1441-2000(2005)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2000
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E07.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:计算机断层摄影;导则;图例;信息处理
【英文主题词】:computedtomography(CT);contrast;contrast-detail-dose(CDD);detectability;imaging;modulationtransferfunction(MTF);nondestructiveevaluation(NDE);pointspreadfunction(PSF);reconstruction;resolution;scan;X-rayattenuation
【摘要】:1.1Computedtomography(CT)isaradiographicmethodthatprovidesanidealexaminationtechniquewhenevertheprimarygoalistolocateandsizeplanarandvolumetricdetailinthreedimensions.BecauseoftherelativelygoodpenetrabilityofX-rays,aswellasthesensitivityofabsorptioncrosssectionstoatomicchemistry,CTpermitsthenondestructivephysicaland,toalimitedextent,chemicalcharacterizationoftheinternalstructureofmaterials.Also,sincethemethodisX-raybased,itappliesequallywelltometallicandnon-metallicspecimens,solidandfibrousmaterials,andsmoothandirregularlysurfacedobjects.Whenusedinconjunctionwithothernondestructiveevaluation(NDE)methods,suchasultrasound,CTdatacanprovideevaluationsofmaterialintegritythatcannotcurrentlybeprovidednondestructivelybyanyothermeans.1.2ThisguideisintendedtosatisfytwogeneralneedsforusersofindustrialCTequipment:(1)theneedforatutorialguideaddressingthegeneralprinciplesofX-rayCTastheyapplytoindustrialimaging;and(2)theneedforaconsistentsetofCTperformanceparameterdefinitions,includinghowtheseperformanceparametersrelatetoCTsystemspecifications.Potentialusersandbuyers,aswellasexperiencedCTinspectors,willfindthisguideausefulsourceofinformationfordeterminingthesuitabilityofCTforparticularexaminationproblems,forpredictingCTsystemperformanceinnewsituations,andfordevelopingandprescribingnewscanprocedures.1.3ThisguidedoesnotspecifytestobjectsandtestproceduresforcomparingtherelativeperformanceofdifferentCTsystems;nordoesittreatCTinspectiontechniques,suchasthebestselectionofscanparameters,thepreferredimplementationofscanprocedures,theanalysisofimagedatatoextractdensitometricinformation,ortheestablishmentofaccept/rejectcriteriaforanewobject.1.4Standardpracticesandmethodsarenotwithinthepurviewofthisguide.Thereaderisadvised,however,thatexaminationpracticesaregenerallypartandapplicationspecific,andindustrialCTusageisnewenoughthatinmanyinstancesaconsensushasnotyetemerged.ThesituationiscomplicatedfurtherbythefactthatCTsystemhardwareandperformancecapabilitiesarestillundergoingsignificantevolutionandimprovement.Consequently,anattempttoaddressgenericexaminationproceduresiseschewedinfavorofprovidingathoroughtreatmentoftheprinciplesbywhichexaminationmethodscanbedevelopedorexistingonesrevised.1.5TheprincipaladvantageofCTisthatitnondestructivelyprovidesquantitativedensitometric(thatis,densityandgeometry)imagesofthincrosssectionsthroughanobject.Becauseoftheabsenceofstructuralnoisefromdetailoutsidethethinplaneofinspection,imagesaremucheasiertointerpretthanconventionalradiographicdata.Thenewusercanlearnquickly(oftenuponfirstexposuretothetechnology)toreadCTdatabecausetheimagescorrespondmorecloselytothewaythehumanmindvisualizesthree-dimensionalstructuresthanconventionalprojectionradiography.Further,becauseCTimagesaredigital,theymaybeenhanced,analyzed,compressed,archived,inputasdataintoperformancecalculations,comparedwithdigitaldatafromotherNDEmodalities,ortransmittedtootherlocationsforremoteviewing.Additionally,CTimagesexhibitenhancedcontrastdiscriminationovercompactareaslargerthan20to25pixels.Thiscapabilityhasnoclassicalanalog.Contrastdiscriminationofbetterthan0.1%atthree-sigmaconfidencelevelsoverareasassmallasone-fifthofonepercentthesizeoftheobjectofinterestarecommon.1.6Withpropercalibration,dimensionalinspectionsandabsolutedensitydeterminationscanalsobemadeveryaccurately.Dimensionally,virtuallyallCTsystemsprovideapixelresolutionofrough......
【中国标准分类号】:L81;C43
【国际标准分类号】:35_240_80
【页数】:33P.;A4
【正文语种】:
